Patched for pumping

Pre-Patched Software

Developing and deploying software patches is currently slow and labor-intensive. After software vendors discover a security bug in their product, they must write a patch, test it thoroughly, and distribute it to users, who may peform further testing before installing the patch. These manual steps take time, leaving users vulnerable for days or even weeks after a bug is discovered. Prepatched so...

Security of Patched DNS

In spite of the availability of DNSSEC, which protects against cache poisoning even by MitM attackers, many caching DNS resolvers still rely for their security against poisoning on merely validating that DNS responses contain some ‘unpredictable’ values, copied from the request. These values include the 16 bit identifier field, and other fields, randomised and validated by different ‘patches’ t...

Hedgehog, meet Patched

H edgehog protein and its receptor are made for each other, but even this perfect couple needs a little help to get together. Li et al. (1) reveal that a proteoglycan plays cupid for the molecules and sparks signal transduction through the Hedgehog pathway, a mechanism exploited by a type of childhood cancer. During development, Hedgehog proteins are sculptors, helping to mold the embryo’s limb...

The Patched Brownian Motion Distribution

Pumping for ordinal-automatic structures

An α-automaton (for α some ordinal) is an automaton similar to a Muller automaton that processes words of length α. A structure is called α-automatic if it can be presented by α-automata (completely analogous to the notion of automatic structures which can be presented by the well-known finite automata). We call a structure ordinal-automatic if it is α-automatic for some ordinal α. We continue ...